RESUMO
La salud de la familia está ligada con su funcionamiento efectivo; por otra parte, la hipertensión arterial (HTA) es un proceso de gran prevalencia y una de las principales causas prevenibles de complicaciones cardiovasculares. El presente estudio transversal correlacional realizado con 414 participantes de 20 a 64 años de edad determina la relación entre funcionalidad familiar con factores de riesgo para HTA. La disfunción familiar constituye un factor de riesgo para presentar: nivel bajo de actividad física (OR: 1,61; IC95%: 1,03-2,52), consumo de tabaco (OR: 1,63; IC9s%: 1,04-2,55), sobrepeso-obesidad (OR: 1,77; IC9s%: 1,13-2,76), tensión arterial alterada (OR: 2,00; IC95%: 1,22-3,28) y consumo de alcohol de riesgo (OR: 5,69; IC95%: 3,59-9,01). El análisis de esta relación contribuye al avance del conocimiento y como base para delinear estrategias preventivas.
The health of the family is linked to the effective functioning of the same, on the other hand, hypertension (HT) is a process of high prevalence and one of the main preventable causes of cardiovascular complications. Some associated risk factors can be prevented. The present cross-sectional, correlational study of 414 participants aged 20-64 determined the relationship between family functionality and risk factors for hypertension. Family dysfunction is a risk factor for presenting: low level of physical activity (OR 1.61; Cl95% = 1.03-2.52); tobáceo consumption (OR 1.63; Cl95% = 1.04-2.55); overweight-obesity (OR; 1.77; Cl95% = 1.13-2.76); altered blood pressure (OR: 2.00; Cl95% = 1.22-3.28), and consumption of alcohol at risk (OR: 5.69; Cl95% = 3.59-9.01). The analysis of this relationship contributes to the advancement of knowledge and as a basis for delineating preventive strategies.
Assuntos
Humanos , Índice de Massa Corporal , Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Tabagismo , Uso de TabacoRESUMO
Fusion of exocytotic vesicles with the plasma membrane gives rise to an increase in membrane surface area, whereas the surface area is decreased when vesicles are internalized during endocytosis. Changes in membrane surface area, resulting from fusion and fission of membrane vesicles, can be followed by monitoring the corresponding proportional changes in membrane capacitance. Using the cell-attached configuration of the patch-clamp techniques we were able to resolve the elementary processes of endo- and exocytosis in yeast protoplasts at high temporal and spatial resolution. Spontaneous capacitance changes were predominantly in the range of 0.2-1 fF which translates to vesicle diameters of 90-200 nm. The size distribution revealed that endocytotic vesicles with a median at about 132 nm were smaller than exocytotic vesicles with a median at 155 nm. In energized and metabolizing protoplasts, endo- and exocytotic events occurred at frequencies of 1.6 and 2.7 events per minute, respectively. Even though these numbers appear very low, they are in good agreement with the observed growth rate of yeast cells and protoplasts.
Assuntos
Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Endocitose , Exocitose , Potenciais da Membrana , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/fisiologiaRESUMO
A cross-sectional study evaluated 182 students in the last two years of medical school and 70 residents of a national hospital in Peru on the risk indicators used for reporting results in clinical trials. A questionnaire was used to assess the ability to recognize and calculate risk indicators most widely used in the epidemiological literature. From the participants, 19.4% did not recognize any of the indicators and 81.4% was not able to calculate them. The relative risk reduction was the most recognized indicator (55.2%), followed by the number needed to treat (51.6%), the absolute risk reduction (26.6%), and the hazard ratio (9.5%). In conclusion, medical students in the last two years of school and medical residents do not recognize or are able to calculate properly the risk indicators used in clinical trials.
Assuntos
Competência Clínica , Epidemiologia , Internato e Residência , Risco , Estudantes de Medicina , Adulto , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Estudio que evaluó el conocimiento de 182 estudiantes de los dos últimos años de medicina y 70 residentes de un hospital nacional de Perú, sobre los indicadores de riesgo utilizados en la presentación de resultados en ensayos clínicos. Se realizó un estudio transversal en el que se aplicó un cuestionario que evaluó la capacidad de reconocer y calcular los indicadores de riesgo epidemiológico más utilizados en la literatura médica. El 19,4 por ciento no reconoció ninguno de los indicadores y el 81,4 por ciento no logró calcularlos. La reducción de riesgo relativo fue el indicador más reconocido (55,2 por ciento), seguida del número necesario a tratar (51,6 por ciento); reducción de riesgo absoluto (26,6 por ciento), y hazard ratio (9,5 por ciento). En conclusión, los alumnos de los dos últimos años de medicina y los residentes, no reconocen ni calculan adecuadamente los indicadores de riesgo utilizados en ensayos clínicos
A cross-sectional study evaluated 182 students in the last two years of medical school and 70 residents of a national hospital in Peru on the risk indicators used for reporting results in clinical trials. A questionnaire was used to assess the ability to recognize and calculate risk indicators most widely used in the epidemiological literature. From the participants, 19.4% did not recognize any of the indicators and 81.4% was not able to calculate them. The relative risk reduction was the most recognized indicator (55.2%), followed by the number needed to treat (51.6%), the absolute risk reduction (26.6%), and the hazard ratio (9.5%). In conclusion, medical students in the last two years of school and medical residents do not recognize or are able to calculate properly the risk indicators used in clinical trials.
Assuntos
Humanos , Conhecimento , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Estudantes de Medicina , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Risco , Educação Médica , PeruRESUMO
Los tics son los trastornos del movimiento más frecuentes en los niños y su mayor prevalencia es en la edad escolar. La mayoría son transitorios, pero algunos pueden tener repercusiones negativas en los ámbitos escolar, familiar y social, que pueden llevar a fracaso escolar, baja autoestima y disfunción social. Algunos de los tics se relacionan con el trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) y con otras enfermedades que requieren diagnóstico oportuno y adecuado tratamiento. En esta revisión sobre los tics se incluyen los siguientes aspectos: epidemiología, etiología, factores de riesgo, caracterización, enfermedades asociadas, diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico.
Tics are the most frequent movement disorders during childhood; their highest prevalence occurs during school age. Most tics are transient but some of them may have serious repercussions from the educational, familial, and social points of view, leading to school failure, low self-esteem, and social dysfunction. Some tics are related to the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and to other diseases that should be opportunely and adequately treated. In this review on tics the following aspects are included: epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, characterization, associated diseases, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
Assuntos
Criança , Comportamento Obsessivo , Contração Muscular , Criança , Síndrome de Tourette , Tiques , Transtornos do Humor , Transtornos dos MovimentosRESUMO
Three cases of bone changes caused by foreign bodies that appeared to be tumoral lesions or pseudotumors, were observed in young male patients who presented with pain, localized inflammation, and radiographic and bone scan findings suggestive of tumoral or pseudotumoral lesions. Accurate diagnosis was made at surgery when the foreign body was retrieved. Following removal of the foreign body, postoperative recovery was satisfactory. The common causative agent in all these cases was a palm tree thorn.
